Safely melting the ice

One of the major major impacts of ice formation on greens is the way that the ice creates a barrier to gas exchange. As a result, carbon dioxide can build up to poisonous levels under the ice, while oxygen is depleted. As a result, the plants and soil underneath the ice can go anaerobic (without oxygen).

To avoid this problem, turf managers and researchers have experimented with a variety of procedures for melting ice in such a way that gas…